4.5

Special precautions for use

4.5.1.

Special precautions for use in animals

This product is only for administration in small quantities of feed for immediate consumption, to individual animals. Animals with acute infections may have a reduced feed intake and should be treated with a suitable injectable product first.

‘Due to likely variability (time, geographical) in susceptibility of bacteria for tylosin, bacteriological sampling and susceptibility testing are recommended.’

Inappropriate use of the veterinary medicinal product may increase the prevalence of bacteria resistant to Tylosin and other macrolides.

4.5.2.

Special precautions for the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals

Tylosin may induce irritation. Macrolides, such a tylosin, may also cause hypersensitivity (allergy) following injection, inhalation, ingestion or contact with skin or eye. Hypersensitivity to tylosin may lead to cross reactions to other macrolides and vice versa. Allergic reactions to these substances may occasionally be serious and therefore direct contact should be avoided.

To avoid exposure during mixing and handling of the veterinary medicinal product wear safety glasses, impervious gloves, and wear either a disposable half mask respirator conforming to European Standard EN149 or a non-disposable respirator to European Standard EN140 with a filter to EN143. Wash hands after use.

In the event of accidental skin contact, wash thoroughly with soap and water. In case of accidental eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of clean, running water.

Do not handle the product if you are allergic to ingredients in the product.

If you develop symptoms following exposure, such as skin rash, you should seek medical advice and show the physician this warning. Swelling of the face, lips and eyes or difficulty in breathing are more serious symptoms and require urgent medical attention.

4.6

Adverse reactions (frequency and seriousness)

In pigs, adverse reactions have been observed, including diarrhoea, pruritus, erythema, rectal oedema and prolapse.

4.7

Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay

No adverse effects to tylosin have been seen in fertility, multi-generation teratology studies.

Use only according to the benefit/risk assessment by the responsible veterinarian

4.8

Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

Lincosamides and aminoglycoside antibiotics antagonize the activity of tylosin.

4.9

Amount(s) to be administered and administration route

For use in individual pigs on farms where only a small number of pigs are to receive the medicine. Larger groups should be treated with medicated feeding stuff containing the premix.

Individual pigs should receive 5 mg tylosin per kg bodyweight, corresponding to 250 mg product/kg bodyweight, once a day for 3 weeks. This is achieved by thoroughly mixing the product into the daily ration for each individual pig. The required amount of product should be added to the estimated quantity of daily ration for each pig in a bucket or similar receptacle and thoroughly mixed. The product should only be added to dry non-pelleted feed.

The pig to be treated should be weighed to prevent under dosing.

Should there be no clear response to treatment within 3 days the treatment approach should be reconsidered.

4.10

Overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes), if necessary

The product has been shown to produce no adverse effects when fed to pigs at 600 ppm in the feed (three to six times the recommended dose level) for 28 days. At high levels diarrhoea, apathy, convulsions may occur. The therapy is symptomatic.

4.11

Withdrawal period(s)

Pigs (meat) – 1 day

5.

PHARMACOLOGICAL OR IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Pharmacotherapeutic group: antibacterials for systemic use, macrolides,

ATC vet code: QJ01FA90

5.1

Pharmacodynamic properties

Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces fradiae. It exerts its antimicrobial effect by inhibiting protein synthesis of susceptible micro-organisms.

The tylosin spectrum of activity includes Gram-positive bacteria, some Gram – negative strains such as Pasteurella, and Mycoplasma spp.

5.2

Pharmacokinetic properties

Absorption: tylosin reaches maximal blood levels between 1 and 3 hours after an oral dose.

Distribution: after oral doses were given to pigs, tylosin was found in all tissues between 30 minutes and 2 hours after administration, except for the brain and spinal cord. Compared to plasma levels clearly higher tissue concentrations have been observed.

Metabolism and excretion: most of the material excreted through the faeces consists of tylosin (factor A), relomycine (factor D) and dihydrodesmycosin.

6.

PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS

6.1

List of excipients

Wheat meal

Dipotassium phosphate (E340)

Pregelatinised starch (potato)

6.2

Incompatibilities

In the absence of compatibility studies, this veterinary medicinal product must not be mixed with other veterinary medicinal products.

6.3

Shelf life

Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 2 years

Shelf-life after first opening the immediate packaging: 3 months.

6.4

Special precautions for storage

Store in a dry place. Store below 30°C. Do not refrigerate or freeze. Protect from frost. Store in the original container in order to protect from light.

6.5

Nature and composition of immediate packaging

Low-density polyethylene/paper-paper-paper bag of 1 and 5 kg with sutured crimp.

Not all pack size may be marketed.

6.6

Special precautions for the disposal of unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from the use of such products

Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal product should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

7.

MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER

Huvepharma NV

Uitbreidingstraat 80

2600 Antwerpen

Belgium

8.

MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER

Vm 30282/4010

9.

DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION

04 November 2009

10.

DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT

February 2014

PROHIBITION OF SALE, SUPPLY AND/OR USE

Not applicable.