Anadin Ultra
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NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Anadin Ultra
Anadin LiquiFast 200mg Capsules Anadin Period Pain Relief 200mg Capsules
2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
Each capsule contains 200mg Ibuprofen For excipients, see 6.1.
3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
Liquid filled soft capsules.
4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS
4.1 Therapeutic indications
Pharmacy only:
For the relief of mild to moderate pain including rheumatic and muscular pain, backache, headache, dental pain, migraine, neuralgia, dysmenorrhoea, feverishness and for the relief of symptoms of cold and influenza. Also, for the symptomatic relief of the pain of non-serious arthritic conditions.
GSL only:
For the relief of mild to moderate pain including rheumatic and muscular pain, backache, headache, dental pain, migraine, neuralgia, dysmenorrhoea, feverishness and for the relief of symptoms of cold and influenza.
4. Clinical Particulars
4.2 Posology and Method of Administration
For oral administration and short-term use only.
Adults, the elderly, and children and adolescents over 12 years of age:
If in children and adolescents, between the age of 12 and 18 years, this medicinal product is required for more than 3 days, or if symptoms worsen, a doctor should be consulted.
For adults aged 18 years or older the minimum effective dose should be used for the shortest time necessary to relieve symptoms. The patient should consult a pharmacist or a doctor if symptoms persist or worsen, or if the product is required for more than 10 days.
One or two capsules up to three times per day as required. The respective dosing interval should be chosen in line with the observed symptoms and the maximum recommended daily dose. Doses should be given approximately every 6-8 hours, with a minimum interval of 4 hours between each dose. A total dose of 1200 mg of ibuprofen [6 capsules] should not be exceeded in any 24 hour period.
The capsules should be taken with water.
Not to be used for children under 12 years of age.
4.3 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to ibuprofen or any of the constituents in this product.
Ibuprofen is contraindicated in patients who have previously shown hypersensitivity reactions (e.g. asthma, rhinitis, angiodema or urticaria) in response to aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Active or previous peptic ulcer (two or more distinct episodes of proven ulceration or bleeding).
History of upper gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, related to previous NSAID therapy.
Patients with severe hepatic failure, renal failure or heart failure (See section 4.4). Use in last trimester of pregnancy (See section 4.6).
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Caution is required in patients with certain conditions:
• Systemic lupus erythematosus as well as those with mixed connective tissue disease due to increased risk of aseptic meningitis (see Section 4.8)
• Gastrointestinal disorders and chronic inflammatory intestinal disease as these conditions may be exacerbated (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease) (see Section 4.8)
• Caution is required prior to starting treatment in patients with a history of hypertension and/or heart failure. Oedema, hypertension and/or cardiac impairment as renal function may deteriorate and/or fluid retention occur (see Section 4.8)
• Renal impairment as renal function may deteriorate (see Section 4.3 and 4.8)
• Hepatic dysfunction (see 4.3 and 4.8)
Undesirable effects may be minimised by using the minimum effective dose for the shortest possible duration necessary to control symptoms. (See GI and cardiovascular risks below).
The elderly are at increased risk of the serious consequences of adverse reactions.
Bronchospasm may be precipitated in patients suffering from or with a previous history of bronchial asthma or allergic disease.
Use with concomitant NSAIDs including cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitors should be avoided (see section 4.5).
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects
Clinical trial and epidemiological data suggest that use of ibuprofen, particularly at high doses (2400mg daily) and in long-term treatment may be associated with a small increased risk of arterial thrombotic events (for example myocardial infarction or stroke). Overall, epidemiological studies do not suggest that low dose ibuprofen (e .g. < 1200 mg daily) is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction.
There is some evidence that drugs which inhibit cyclo-oxygenase/prostaglandin synthesis, may cause impairment of female fertility by an effect on ovulation. This is reversible upon withdrawal of treatment.
GI bleeding, ulceration and perforation, which can be fatal, has been reported with all NSAIDs at any time during treatment, with or without warning symptoms or a previous history of serious GI events (including ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease).
The risk of GI bleeding, ulceration or perforation is higher with increasing NSAID doses, in patients with a history of ulcer, particularly if complicated with haemorrhage or perforation (see section 4.3), and in the elderly. These patients should commence treatment on the lowest dose available.
Patients with a history of GI toxicity, particularly the elderly, should report any unusual abdominal symptoms (especially GI bleeding) particularly in the initial stages of treatment.
Caution should be advised in patients receiving concomitant medications which could increase the risk of gastrotoxicity or bleeding, such as corticosteroids, or anticoagulants such as warfarin, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors or anti-platelet agents such as aspirin (see Section 4.5).
Where GI bleeding or ulceration occurs in patients receiving ibuprofen, the treatment should be withdrawn immediately.
Dermatological:
Serious skin reactions, some of them fatal, including exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis, have been reported very rarely in association with the use of NSAIDSs (see section 4.8). Patients appear to be at highest risk for these reactions early in the course of therapy: the onset of the reaction occurring in the majority of cases within the first month of treatment. Ibuprofen should be discontinued at the first appearance of skin rash, mucosal lesions, or any other sign of hypersensitivity.
Patients with rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance should not take this medicine. This medicine contains 40mg of potassium per dose. To be taken into consideration by patients with reduced kidney function or patients on a controlled potassium diet.
There is a risk of renal impairment in dehydrated children and adolescents, between the ages of 12-18 year olds.
The label will include:
12-18 years: if symptoms worsen, or persist for more than 3 days, or you get new symptoms consult your doctor.
Adults: if symptoms worsen, or persist for more than 10 days, or you get new symptoms consult your pharmacist or doctor.
Read the enclosed leaflet before taking this product.
Do not take if you:
• have ever had a stomach ulcer, perforation or bleeding
• are allergic to ibuprofen (or anything else in this medicine), aspirin or other related painkillers
• are taking other NSAID painkillers, or aspirin with a daily dose above 75mg
• are in the last 3 months of pregnancy.
Speak to a pharmacist or your doctor before taking if you:
• have asthma, diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, had a stroke, heart, liver, kidney or bowel problems
• are a smoker
• are pregnant
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Ibuprofen should not be used in combination with:
Aspirin: Unless low-dose aspirin (not above 75mg daily) has been advised by a doctor, as this may increase the risk of adverse reactions (see Section 4.4).
Experimental data suggest that ibuprofen may inhibit the effect of low dose aspirin on platelet aggregation when they are dosed concomitantly. However, the limitations of these data and the uncertainties regarding extrapolation of ex-vivo data to the clinical situation imply that no firm conclusions can be made for regular ibuprofen use, and no clinically relevant effect is considered to be likely for occasional ibuprofen use (see section 5.1).
Other NSAIDs including cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitors, as these may increase the risk of adverse effects (see Section 4.4).
Ibuprofen should be used with caution in combination with:
Corticosteroids: May increase the risk of adverse reactions, especially of the gastrointestinal tract (see Section 4.4).
Antihypertensives and diuretics: NSAIDs may diminish the effect of these drugs. Diuretics can increase the risk of nephrotoxicity of NSAIDs.
Anticoagulants: NSAIDs may enhance the effects of anti-coagulants, such as warfarin (see Section 4.4.)
Anti-platelet agents and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (see section 4.4)
Cardiac glycosides: NSAIDs may exacerbate cardiac failure, reduce GFR and increase plasma glycoside levels.
Lithium: There is evidence for potential increase in plasma levels of lithium.
Methotrexate: There is the potential for increased plasma levels of methotrexate.
Ciclosporin: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Mifepristone: NSAIDs should not be used for 8-12 days after mifepristone administration as NSAIDs can reduce the effect of mifepristone.
Tacrolimus: Possible increased risk of nephrotoxicity when NSAIDs are given with tacrolimus.
Zidovudine: There is evidence of an increased risk of haemarthroses and haematoma in HIV positive haemophiliacs receiving concurrent treatment with zidovudine and ibuprofen.
Quinolone antibiotics: Animal data indicate that NSAIDs can increase the risk of convulsions associated with quinolone antibiotics. Patients taking NSAIDs and quinolones may have an increased risk of developing convulsions.
4.6 Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy:
Whilst no teratogenic effect has been demonstrated in animal experiments, use of ibuprofen during pregnancy should be avoided during the first 6 months of pregnancy.
During the third trimester, ibuprofen is contraindicated as there is a risk of premature closure of the foetal ductus arteriosus with possible persistent pulmonary hypertension. The onset of labour may be delayed and duration of labour increased with an increased bleeding tendency in both mother and child (see Section 4.3).
Lactation:
In limited studies, ibuprofen appears in the breast milk in very low concentrations, and is unlikely to affect the breast fed infant adversely.
See Section 4.4 regarding female fertility.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
None expected at recommended doses and duration of therapy.
4.8 Undesirable Effects
Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported and these may consist of:
a) Non-specific allergic reactions and anaphylaxis,
b) Respiratory tract reactivity comprising asthma, aggravated asthma, bronchospasm or dyspnoea,
c) Various skin reactions, e.g. pruritus, urticaria, angioedema and more rarely, exfoliative and bullous dermatoses (including epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme).
The list of the following adverse effects relates to those experienced with ibuprofen at OTC doses, from short-term use. In chronic conditions, under long-term treatment, additional adverse effects may occur. The most commonly-observed adverse events are gastrointestinal in nature.
Blood and lymphatic disorders Very rare: Haematopoietic disorders
(anaemia, hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia), leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia,
agranulocytosis). First signs are: fever, sore throat, superficial mouth ulcers, flulike symptoms, severe exhaustion, nose and skin bleeding.
Immune system disorders Uncommon: Hypersensitivity reactions
with urticaria and pruritus.
Very rare: In patients with existing auto
immune disorders (such as systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed connective tissue
disease) during treatment with ibuprofen, single cases of symptoms of aseptic meningitis, such as stiff neck, headache, nausea, vomiting, fever or disorientation have been observed.
Severe hypersensitivity reactions. Symptoms could be: facial, tongue and larynx swelling, dyspnoea, tachycardia, hypotension, (anaphylaxis, angioedema or severe shock).
Exacerbation of asthma and bronchospasm.
|
Psychiatric disorders |
Very rare: |
Nervousness |
|
Nervous System |
Uncommon: |
Headache |
|
Very rare: |
Aseptic meningitis | |
|
Eye disorders |
Very rare: |
Visual disturbance |
|
Ear and labyrinth disorders |
Very rare: |
Tinnitus and vertigo |
|
Cardiac disorders |
Very rare: |
Cardiac failure, angina pectoris |
|
Vascular disorders |
Very rare: |
Hypertension |
|
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders |
Very rare: |
Asthma, bronchospasm, dyspnoea and wheezing |
|
Gastrointestinal disorders |
Uncommon: |
Abdominal pain, abdominal distension, dyspepsia and nausea. |
|
Rare: |
Diarrhoea, flatulence, constipation and vomiting | |
|
Very rare: |
Peptic ulcer, |
|
perforation or gastrointestinal haemorrhage, melaena, haematemesis, sometimes fatal, particularly in the elderly (see section 4.4). Exacerbation of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease (see section 4.4). Mouth ulceration. | ||
|
Hepatobiliary disorders |
Very rare: |
Liver disorders, especially in longterm treatment, hepatitis and jaundice |
|
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders |
Uncommon: |
Various skin rashes |
|
Very rare: |
Severe forms of skin reactions such as bullous reactions, including Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, erythema multiforme and epidermal necrolysis can occur. | |
|
Renal and urinary disorders |
Very rare: |
Acute renal failure, papillary necrosis, especially in longterm use, associated with increased serum urea and oedema. Haematuria, interstitial nephritis, nephritic syndrome, proteinuria. |
|
General disorders and administration site conditions |
Very rare: |
Oedema, peripheral oedema |
|
Investigations |
Very rare: |
Decreased hematocrit |
and hemoglobin levels
Clinical trial and epidemiological data suggest that use of ibuprofen (particularly at high doses >2400mg daily) and in long term treatment may be associated with a small increased risk of arterial thrombotic events (for example myocardial infarction or stroke) (see section 4.4).
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard.
4.9 Overdose
In children ingestion of more than 400mg/kg may cause symptoms. In adults the dose response effect is less clear cut. The half-life in overdose is 1.5-3 hours.
Symptoms
Most patients who have ingested clinically important amounts of NSAIDs will develop no more than nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, or more rarely diarrhoea. Tinnitus, headache and gastrointestinal bleeding are also possible. In more serious poisoning, toxicity is seen in the central nervous system, manifesting as vertigo, headache, respiratory depression, dyspnoea, drowsiness, occasionally excitation and disorientation or coma. Occasionally patients develop convulsions. In serious poisoning, hypotension, hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis may occur and the prothrombin time/INR may be prolonged, probably due to interference with the actions of circulating clotting factors. Acute renal failure and liver damage may occur. Exacerbation of asthma is possible in asthmatics.
Management
Management should be symptomatic and supportive and include the maintenance of a clear airway and monitoring of cardiac and vital signs until stable. Consider oral administration of activated charcoal if the patient presents within 1 hour of ingestion of a potentially toxic amount. If frequent or prolonged, convulsions should be treated with intravenous diazepam or lorazepam. Give bronchodilators for asthma.
PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
5
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Propionic acid derivatives ATC code: M01AE
Ibuprofen is a phenylpropionic acid derivative NSAID that has demonstrated its efficacy by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. In humans, ibuprofen reduces inflammatory pain, swellings and fever. Furthermore, ibuprofen reversibly inhibits platelet aggregation.
Single-dose clinical studies demonstrate that the pain relieving effects of ibuprofen liquigels are evident within around 30 minutes of dosing. The effects of a 400mg dose of ibuprofen liquigels are statistically superior to 1000mg paracetamol tablets both in the speed of onset and extent of analgesia. The differences in onset (see table below) are between 0.6 and 14 min. From the same studies, a single dose of 200mg did not show significant differences in onset of analgesia when compared to 1000mg paracetamol.
|
Clinical Parameters |
Ibuprofen Liquigels 200mg |
Ibuprofen Liquigels 400mg |
Acetaminophen 1g (2 x 500mg) |
Placebo |
|
Packman et al | ||||
|
Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Sum of Pain Relief & Pain Intensity Difference (SPID) |
N/A |
15.2 |
12.2 |
5.8 |
|
Time to Meaningful Relief (mins) |
N/A |
39 |
53 |
>180 |
|
Hersch et al | ||||
|
Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR) |
14.72 |
16.56 |
11.99 |
5.25 |
|
Sum of Pain Relief & Pain Intensity Difference (SPID) |
6.93 |
8.07 |
5.05 |
0.46 |
|
Time to Meaningful Relief (mins) |
30.0 |
28.8 |
29.4 |
>360 |
Olson et al
|
Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR) |
N/A |
17.42 |
13.30 |
4.33 |
|
Sum of Pain Relief & Pain Intensity Difference (SPID) |
N/A |
11.77 |
8.36 |
2.60 |
|
Time to Meaningful Relief (mins) |
N/A |
24.2 |
29.9 |
>360 |
|
Kellstein et al | ||||
|
Total Pain Relief (TOTPAR) |
36 |
30 |
N/A |
52 |
|
Pain Intensity Difference (PID) after 2 hours |
0.98 |
0.97 |
N/A |
0.87 |
|
Time to Meaningful Relief (mins) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Clinical evidence demonstrates that when 400 mg of ibuprofen are taken, pain relieving effects can last for up to 8 hours.
Experimental data suggest that ibuprofen may inhibit the effect of low dose aspirin on platelet aggregation when they are dosed concomitantly. In one study, when a single dose of ibuprofen 400mg was taken within 8 h before or within 30 min after immediate release aspirin dosing (81mg), a decreased effect of aspirin on the formation of thromboxane or platelet aggregation occurred. However, the limitations of these data and the uncertainties regarding extrapolation of ex-vivo data to the clinical situation imply that no firm conclusions can be made for regular ibuprofen use, and no clinically relevant effect is considered to be likely for occasional ibuprofen use.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
Ibuprofen is rapidly absorbed following administration and is rapidly distributed throughout the whole body. The excretion is rapid and complete via the kidneys. Compared to standard tablet formulations, ibuprofen administered in liquid-filled capsules reaches maximum plasma concentrations significantly faster. Peak plasma concentrations were achieved in around 35 minutes for liquigels compared to around 90 minutes for standard ibuprofen tablets.
The half life of ibuprofen is about 2 hours. In limited studies, ibuprofen appears in breast milk in very low concentrations.
Preclinical safety data
5.3
No relevant information additional to that already contained is elsewhere in the SPC.
6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS
6.1 List of excipients
Capsule Contents:
Macrogol 600 Potassium Hydroxide
Capsule Shell:
Sorbitol liquid, partially dehydrated Gelatin
Quinoline yellow E104 Patent blue V E131 Purified water
Processing Aids:
Lecithin
Triglycerides (medium chain)
Glyceryl stearate Oleic acid Ascorbyl palmitate
Printing Ink:
Opacode white ink (E171, propylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate phthalate, polyethylene glycol).
6.2 Incompatibilities
None known.
6.3 Shelf life
3 years
6.4 Special precautions for storage
Do not store above 25°C.
6.5 Nature and contents of container
Anadin Ultra/ Anadin LiquiFast 200mg Capsules/ Anadin Period Pain Relief 200mg Capsules is packed into blister strips of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 30, 32, 36, 40, 48, 50, 60, 70, 72, 80, 90, 96 and 100 capsules in a cardboard box.
Pack A: PVdC (60gsm)/white opaque PVC (200pm)/heat sealed to the foil.
Foil: Hard temper aluminium foil (20 pm)/Heatseal lacquer (7 gsm).
Pack B: Blister: White opaque thermoformed unplasticised PVC (250 pm)/ PVdC coating (60 gsm)
heat sealed to the foil.
Foil: Glassine (35 gsm)/Lamination adhesive/Aluminium foil (9 pm)/Heatseal lacquer (7 gsm).
6.6 Instructions for disposal and other handling
No special instructions.
MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
7
Pfizer Consumer Healthcare Ltd
Ramsgate Road
Sandwich
Kent
CT13 9NJ United Kingdom
8. MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER
PL 00165/0142
9 DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
22/06/2007
10 DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT
07/07/2014