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1. Gabapentin Athlone 100mg Capsules
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PATIENT INFORMATION LEAFLET

Please read this leaflet carefully before you start taking your medicine, even if you have taken gabapentin before. It contains important information about your treatment.

If you have any questions or are not sure about anything, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Keep this leaflet, you may want to read it again.

This medicine has been prescribed for you personally. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them even if their symptoms are the same as yours.

If any of the side-effects get serious, or if you notice any side-effects not listed in this leaflet, please tell your doctor or pharmacist.

IN THIS LEAFLET
1.	What gabapentin is and what it is used for
2.	Before you take gabapentin
3.	How to take gabapentin
4.	Possible side-effects
5.	How to store gabapentin
6.	Further Information

Gabapentin is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of various types of epilepsy. It is used to reduce the risk of an epileptic fit or to stop one that is in progress.

Anticonvulsant drugs stop the excessive electrical activity in your brain which is causing epileptic fits. You should take gabapentin in addition to your current treatment unless your doctor tells you otherwise. It can also be used on its own to treat adults and children over 12 years of age.

Gabapentin belongs to a group of medicines used to treat chronic (long lasting) pain caused by damage to the nerves. This pain is known as peripheral neuropathic pain. Peripheral neuropathic pain is caused by a variety of diseases such as diabetes, shingles, trauma or diseases of the nervous system. Pain sensations may be described as hot, burning, throbbing, shooting, stabbing, sharp, cramping, aching, tingling, pins and needles etc.

Your doctor will have explained the reason for prescribing gabapentin capsules to you.

Do not take these capsules if:

-    you have had an allergic reaction to gabapentin or similar medicines or to any of the ingredients listed in section 6, Further information

Take special care with gabapentin if:

-    you suffer from kidney problems

-    you develop signs such as persistent stomach pain, feeling sick and being sick. Contact your doctor immediately if you develop any of these signs.

-    you are taking any other medicines apart from your current epilepsy or neuropathic pain relief.

-    you have had thoughts of harming or killing yourself. If at any time you have these thoughts, immediately contact your doctor.

Patients with a history of psychosis

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking gabapentin, if you suffer from hallucinations, thought disorders, nervousness or anxiety.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this medicine if you are pregnant, could be pregnant or if you are breast feeding. This medicine should ONLY be used while pregnant/breast-feeding if clearly justified and directed by the treating physician.

Important information about some of the ingredients of gabapentin

Gabapentin contains lactose. If you have been told by your doctor that you have an intolerance to some sugars, contact your doctor before taking this medicinal product.

Taking other medicines

It is important that you tell your doctor of pharmacist about any other medicines you are taking, including herbal remedies and those you have obtained without a prescription.

-    antacids containing aluminium and magnesium may cause decreased absorption of gabapentin from the stomach. It is therefore recommended that gabapentin is taken about two hours after any antacid administration.

-    Gabapentin is not expected to interact with other anti-epileptic drugs or the oral contraceptive pill.

-    If you require an operation or visit to your doctor or dentist, always let them know if you are taking gabapentin.

-    Gabapentin may interfere with some laboratory tests, if you require a urine test tell your doctor or hospital that you are taking gabapentin

-    Medicines containing morphine may increase the effect of gabapentin capsules.

Driving and operating machinery

Gabapentin can cause dizziness, drowsiness and tiredness. If affected you should not drive or operate machinery.

Follow all directions given to you by your doctor or pharmacist. Their directions may differ from the information contained in this leaflet. Your doctor may advise you to take your medicine in a different way, so you should always follow your doctor’s advice about when and how to take your medicine and always read the label. Your pharmacist may be able help you if you are not sure.

-    Your doctor will determine the dose that is appropriate for you.

-    If you feel the dose is too strong or too weak for you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

-    Your doctor may prescribe a different dosing schedule and/or dose if you have problems with your kidneys.

-    Always swallow the capsules whole with plenty of water.

Epilepsy

Adults and children over 12 years:

900 - 3600mg daily in three divided doses i.e. in the morning, in the middle of the day and in the evening. The maximum time between two successive doses should not exceed 12 hours in a three times daily schedule. Gabapentin can be taken with or without food.

Elderly

Elderly patients may require dosage adjustment by their doctor. If you have problems with your kidneys, speak to your doctor before taking this medicine.

Children 6-12 years of age

The recommended dose of gabapentin is 25 to 35 mg/Kg/day given in three divided doses i.e. one in the morning, one in the middle of the day and one in the evening. You should always follow your doctors instructions.

Neuropathic pain Adults (over 18 years of age)

Your doctor will usually build up your dose by starting you on 300mg once a day on day one, 300mg twice a day on day two and 300mg three times a day on day three. The dose may be increased to 3600mg each day given in three divided doses, i.e. in the morning, in the middle of the day and in the evening. Gabapentin can be taken with or without food.

If you think gabapentin is causing problems or alternatively if you experience complete pain relief please talk to your doctor or pharmacist straight away.

Keep taking your capsules for as long as your doctor has asked you to.

If you forget to take a dose

If you miss a dose, just take it as soon as you remember unless it is time for your next dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for the one you have missed

If you take too many capsules

If you accidentally take too many capsules, tell your doctor immediately, or go to your nearest hospital casualty department as soon as possible. Take the pack with you so that the hospital can easily tell what medicine you have taken.

If you stop taking your capsules

Do not stop taking your medicine unless your doctor tells you to. Stopping your medicine without asking your doctor’s advice could put you at risk of rebound epilepsy, an epileptic seizure or recurring seizures, if you are taking this medication for epilepsy.

Like all medicines, gabapentin may occasionally cause unwanted side effects in some patients.

Tell your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following symptoms after taking this medicine. Although they are very rare, these symptoms can be serious.

•    swelling of the lips and face, skin rash and redness and hair loss (these may be symptoms of a serious allergic reaction).

•    persistent stomach pain, feeling sick and being sick (these may be symptoms of acute pancreatitis).

•    Serious or life-threatening allergic reaction that may affect parts of your body such as liver or blood cells and skin. Notify your doctor if you have any of the following symptoms:

•    skin rash

•    hives

•    fever

•    swollen glands

•    swelling of the lip and tongue

•    bruising or bleeding

•    yellowing of the skin or of the whites of the eyes

severe fatigue or weakness unexpected muscle pain frequent infection

If any of these side effects below become serious, or if you notice any side effects not listed in this leaflet, please tell your doctor or pharmacist.

Very common side effects (affect more than one person in 10)

-    Viral infection

-    Feeling drowsy, dizziness, lack of coordination

-    Feeling tired, fever

Common side effects (affects more than one person in 100)

-    Pneumonia, respiratory infection, urinary tract infection, inflammation of the ear

-    Low white blood cell count, decrease in white blood cells

-    Anorexia, increased appetite, increase in weight

-    Anger towards others, confusion, fluctuation in mood, depression, anxiety, nervousness, difficulty with thinking.

-    Convulsions, jerky movements, tremor, difficulty with co-ordination

-    Difficulty with speaking

-    Difficulty sleeping, headache, loss of memory

-    Sensitive skin, pins and needles, decreased sensation

-    Increased, decreased or absent reflexes.

-    Blurred vision, double vision, unusual eye movement

-    Vertigo

-    High blood pressure, flushing or dilation of blood vessels

-    Difficulty breathing, bronchitis, sore throat, cough, dry or runny nose

-    Vomiting (being sick), nausea (feeling sick), problems with teeth, inflamed gums, diarrhoea, stomach pain, indigestion, constipation, dry mouth or throat, flatulence

-    Facial swelling, bruises, rash, itch, acne

-    Joint pain, muscle pain, back pain, twitching

-    Difficulties with erection

-    Swelling in the legs and arms, difficulty with walking, weakness, pain, feeling unwell, flu-like symptoms

-    Accidental injury, fracture, abrasion

Uncommon side-effects (affects more than 1 person in 1000)

-    Decreased platelets (blood clotting cells)

-    Decreased movement

-    Swelling that may involve the face, trunk and limbs

-    Allergic reaction such as hives

-    Hallucinations

-    Problems with abnormal movements such as writhing, jerking movements and stiffness

-    Adverse events following the abrupt discontinuation of gabapentin, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, feeling sick, pain, sweating, chest pain

-    Ringing in the ears

-    Side effects occurring together that may include swollen lymph nodes (isolated small raised lumps under the skin), fever, rash and inflammation of the liver

-    Racing heartbeat

-    Inflammation of the pancreas

-    Inflammation of the liver, yellowing of the skin and eyes

-    Acute kidney failure

-    Incontinence

-    Increased breast tissue, breast enlargement

-    Blood glucose fluctuations in patients with diabetes, abnormal blood test results suggesting problems with the liver

Additionally in clinical studies in children, aggressive behaviour and jerky movements were reported commonly. Do not be alarmed by this list of side effects, most people take gabapentin without any problems.

If any of the side effects get serious or if you notice any side effects not listed in this leaflet please tell your doctor or pharmacist.

KEEP OUT OF THE REACH AND SIGHT OF CHILDREN.

Do not store above 25°C. Store in the original package. Do not use after the expiry date on the pack. Return any left-over capsules to your pharmacist. Only keep them if your doctor tells you to. Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines no longer required. These measures will help protect the environment.

What Gabapentin Athlone contains and contents of the pack

The name of your medicine is Gabapentin Athlone. Gabapentin Athlone hard capsules are available in three strengths:

Gabapentin Athlone100mg Capsules are opaque white hard gelatin capsules marked with GABA 100mg. Gabapentin Athlone 300mg Capsules are opaque yellow hard gelatin capsules marked with GABA 300mg.

Gabapentin Athlone 400mg Capsules are opaque orange hard gelatin capsules marked with GABA 400mg.

Gabapentin Athlone Capsules also contain the inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, maize starch, talc and gelatin.

The 100mg capsules contain the colouring titanium dioxide (E171)

The 300mg capsules contain the colourings titanium dioxide (E171) and yellow iron oxide (E172)

The 400mg capsules contain the colourings titanium dioxide (E171), red iron oxide (E172) and yellow iron oxide (E172).

The printing ink contains: shellac, black iron oxide (E172), soya lecithin and antifoam.

Gabapentin Athlone Capsules are available in blister packs containing 100 capsules, with each blister strip containing 10 capsules.

Marketing authorisation holder and manufacturer

Athlone Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ballymurray, Co. Roscommon, Ireland

Distributed by:

Kent Pharmaceuticals Limited, Wotton Road, Ashford, Kent, TN23 6LL, U.K.

PL 30464/0094, PL 30464/0095 and PL 30464/0096 This leaflet was last updated in November 2013.