Sumatriptan 50 Mg Film-Coated Tablets
Out of date information, search anotherSUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT
Sumatriptan 50 mg Film-coated Tablet
2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION
Each tablet contains 50 mg sumatriptan (as succinate).
Excipient with known effect:
Lactose monohydrate (tablet core)
163.00 mg per film-coated tablet
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.
3 PHARMACEUTICAL FORM
Film-coated tablet
Pink, round, film-coated tablets debossed “SU50” on one side “G” on the other.
4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS
4.1 Therapeutic indications
Sumatriptan is indicated for the acute relief of migraine attacks, with or without, aura.
Sumatriptan should only be used where there is a clear diagnosis of migraine
4.2 Posology and method of administration
Posology
Adults
Sumatriptan is indicated for the acute intermittent treatment of migraine. It should not be used prophylactically.
It is advisable that sumatriptan be given as early as possible after the onset of a migraine attack but it is equally effective at whatever stage of the attack it is administered.
The recommended dose of oral sumatriptan is a single 50 mg tablet. Some patients may require 100 mg.
If the patient has responded to the first dose, but the symptoms recur a second dose may be given in the next 24 hours, provided that there is a minimum interval of two hours between the two doses and no more than 300 mg should be taken in any 24 hour period.
Patients who do not respond to the first prescribed dose of sumatriptan should not take a second dose for the same attack. In these cases the attack can be treated with paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Sumatriptan may be taken for subsequent attacks.
Sumatriptan is recommended as monotherapy for the acute treatment of migraine and should not be given concomitantly with ergotamine or derivatives of ergotamine (including methysergide) (see section 4.3).
Paediatric population
The efficacy and safety of sumatriptan film-coated tablets in children aged less than 10 years have not been established. No clinical data are available in this age group.
The efficacy and safety of sumatriptan film-coated tablets in children 10 to 17 years of age have not been demonstrated in the clinical trials performed in this age group. Therefore the use of sumatriptan film-coated tablets in children 10 to 17 years of age is not recommended (see section 5.1).
Older people (over 65 years of age)
Experience of the use of sumatriptan in patients aged over 65 years is limited. The pharmacokinetics do not differ significantly from a younger population, but until further clinical data are available, the use of sumatriptan in patients aged over 65 years is not recommended.
Hepatic impairment
50 mg should be considered for patients with mild to moderate liver impairment.
Method of administration
The tablets should be swallowed whole with water.
4.3 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.
Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides.
Sumatriptan should not be given to patients who have had myocardial infarction or have ischaemic heart disease, coronary vasospasm (Prinzmetal’s angina), peripheral vascular disease or patients who have symptoms or signs consistent with ischaemic heart disease.
Sumatriptan should not be administered to patients with a history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).
Sumatriptan should not be administered to patients with severe hepatic impairment.
The use of sumatriptan in patients with moderate and severe hypertension and mild uncontrolled hypertension is contraindicated.
Concurrent administration of reversible and irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors and sumatriptan is contraindicated. Sumatriptan tablets must not be used within two weeks of discontinuation of therapy with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
The concomitant administration of ergotamine or derivatives of ergotamine (including methysergide) or any triptan/5-hydroxytryptaminei (5-HTj) receptor agonist or lithium with sumatriptan is contraindicated (see section 4.5).
4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use
Sumatriptan should only be used where there is a clear diagnosis of migraine.
Sumatriptan is not indicated for use in the management of hemiplegic, basilar or opthalmoplegic migraine.
The recommended doses of sumatriptan should not be exceeded.
As with other migraine therapies, before treating headaches in patients not previously diagnosed as migraineurs, and in migraineurs who present with atypical symptoms, care should be taken to exclude other potentially serious neurological conditions.
It should be noted that migraineurs may be at risk of certain cerebrovascular events (e.g. cerebrovascular accident, transient ischaemic attack).
Following administration, sumatriptan can be associated with transient symptoms including chest pain and tightness, which may be intense and involve the throat (see section 4.8). Where such symptoms are thought to indicate ischaemic heart disease, no further doses of sumatriptan should be given and appropriate evaluation should be carried out.
Sumatriptan should not be given to patients with risk factors for ischaemic heart disease, including those patients who are diabetics, heavy smokers or users of nicotine substitution therapies, without prior cardiovascular evaluation (see section 4.3). Special consideration should be given to postmenopausal women and males over 40 with these risk factors. These evaluations however, may not identify every patient who has cardiac disease and, in very rare cases, serious cardiac events have occurred in patients without underlying cardiovascular disease.
Sumatriptan should be administered with caution to patients with mild controlled hypertension, as transient increases in blood pressure and peripheral vascular resistance have been observed in a small proportion of patients (see section 4.3).
There have been rare post-marketing reports describing patients with serotonin syndrome (including altered mental status, autonomic instability and neuromuscular abnormalities) following the use of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and sumatriptan. Serotonin syndrome has been reported following concomitant treatment with triptans and serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
If concomitant treatment with sumatriptan and an SSRI/SNRI is clinically warranted, appropriate observation of the patient is advised (see section 4.5).
Sumatriptan should be administered with caution in patients with conditions which may affect significantly the absorption, metabolism or excretion of drugs, e.g. impaired hepatic or renal function. A 50 mg dose should be considered in patients with hepatic impairment.
Patients with known hypersensitivity to sulfonamides may exhibit an allergic reaction following administration of sumatriptan. Reactions may range from cutaneous hypersensitivity to anaphylaxis. Evidence of cross-sensitivity is limited but caution should be exercised before using sumatriptan in these patients.
Undesirable effects may be more common during concomitant use of triptans and herbal preparations containing St. Johns wort (Hypericum perforatum).
Sumatriptan should be used with caution in patients with a history of seizures or other risk factors which lower the seizure threshold, as seizures have been reported in association with sumatriptan (see section 4.8).
Prolonged use of any type of painkiller for headaches can make them worse. If this situation is experienced or suspected, medical advice should be obtained and treatment should be discontinued. The diagnosis of medication overuse headache (MOH) should be suspected in patients who have frequent or daily headaches despite (or because of) the regular use of headache medication.
Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
4.5 Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
Studies in healthy subjects show that sumatriptan does not interact with propranolol, flunarizine, pizotifen or alcohol.
There are limited data on an interaction with preparations containing ergotamine or another triptan/5-HT1 receptor agonist. The increased risk of coronary vasospasm is a theoretical possibility and concomitant administration is contraindicated (see section 4.3).
The period of time that should elapse between the use of sumatriptan and ergotamine-containing preparations or another triptan/5-HTj receptor agonist is not known. This will also depend on the doses and types of products used. The effects may be additive. It is advised to wait at least 24 hours following the use of ergotamine-containing preparations or another triptan/5-HTj receptor agonist before administering sumatriptan. Conversely, it is advised to wait at least 6 hours following use of sumatriptan before administering an ergotamine-containing product and at least 24 hours before administering another triptan/5-HTj receptor agonist.
An interaction may occur between sumatriptan and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and concomitant administration is contraindicated (see section 4.3).
There have been rare post-marketing reports describing patients with serotonin syndrome (including altered mental status, autonomic instability and neuromuscular abnormalities) following the use of SSRIs and sumatriptan. Serotonin syndrome has also been reported following concomitant treatment with triptans and SNRIs (see section 4.4).
There may be a risk of serotonergic syndrome also if sumatriptan is used concomitantly with lithium.
4.6 Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy
Post-marketing data from the use of sumatriptan during the first trimester in over 1,000 women are available. Although these data contain insufficient information to draw definitive conclusions, they do not point to an increased risk of congenital defects. Experience with the use of sumatriptan in the second and third trimester is limited.
Evaluation of experimental animal studies does not indicate direct teratogenic effects or harmful effects on peri- and postnatal development. However, embryofoetal viability might be affected in the rabbit (see section 5.3).
Administration of sumatriptan should only be considered if the expected benefit to the mother is greater than any possible risk to the foetus.
Breast-feeding
It has been demonstrated that following subcutaneous administration sumatriptan is secreted into breast milk. Infant exposure can be minimised by avoiding breast feeding for 12 hours after treatment during which time any breast milk expressed should be discarded.
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
No studies on the effects on the ability to drive and use machines have been performed. Drowsiness may occur as a result of migraine or its treatment with sumatriptan. Caution is recommended in patients performing skilled tasks, e.g. driving or operating machinery, as sumatriptan may influence the ability to drive and to operate machinery
4.8 Undesirable effects
Adverse events are listed below by system organ class and frequency. Frequencies are defined as: very common (>1/10), common (>1/100, <1/10), uncommon (>1/1000, <1/100), rare (>1/10,000, <1/1000), very rare (<1/10,000), not known (cannot be estimated from the available data). Some of the symptoms reported as undesirable effects may be associated symptoms of migraine.
Immune system disorders
Not known: Hypersensitivity reactions ranging from cutaneous hypersensitivity
(such as urticaria) to anaphylaxis.
Psychiatric disorders
Not known: Anxiety.
Nervous system disorders
Common: Dizziness, drowsiness, sensory disturbance including paraesthesia
and hypoaesthesia.
Not known: Seizures, although some have occurred in patients with either a
history of seizures or concurrent conditions predisposing to seizures. There are also reports in patients where no such predisposing factors are apparent; Tremor, dystonia, nystagmus, scotoma.
Eye disorders
Not known: Flickering, diplopia, reduced vision. Loss of vision including reports
of permanent defects. However, visual disorders may also occur during a migraine attack itself.
Cardiac disorders
Not known: Bradycardia, tachycardia, palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias, transient
ischaemic ECG changes, coronary artery vasospasm, angina, myocardial infarction (see sections 4.3 and 4.4).
Vascular disorders
Common: Transient increases in blood pressure arising soon after treatment.
Flushing.
Not known: Hypotension, Raynaud’s phenomenon.
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Common: Dyspnoea.
Gastrointestinal disorders
Common: Nausea and vomiting occurred in some patients but it is unclear if
this is related to sumatriptan or the underlying condition.
Ischaemic colitis,
Not known:
diarrhoea.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Not known: Hyperhidrosis.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Common: Sensations of heaviness (usually transient and may be intense and can
affect any part of the body including the chest and throat). Myalgia.
Not known: Neck stiffness, arthralgia.
General disorders and administration site conditions
Common: Pain, sensations of heat or cold, pressure or tightness (these events
are usually transient and may be intense and can affect any part of the body including the chest and throat); feelings of weakness, fatigue (both events are mostly mild to moderate in intensity and transient).
Investigations
Very rare: Minor disturbances in liver function tests have occasionally been
observed.
Reporting of suspected adverse reactions
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via Yellow Card Scheme. Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard
4.9 Overdose
Symptoms of Overdose
Patients have received up to 12 mg of sumatriptan, as a single subcutaneous injection without significant undesirable effects. With subcutaneous doses exceeding 16 mg and oral doses exceeding 400 mg, no other undesirable adverse effects have been observed than those mentioned in “section 4.8”.
Treatment
In cases of overdose, the patient must be monitored for at least 10 hours and if necessary, standard supportive treatment must be given.
There is no information on the effect of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis on plasma sumatriptan concentrations.
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Selective serotonin 5-HTi agonists,
ATC Code: NO2C C01
Mechanism of action
Sumatriptan has been demonstrated to be a specific and selective 5-hydroxytryptamine1, (5HT1D) receptor agonist with no effect on the other 5HT receptor (5-HT2 - 5-HT7) subtypes. The vascular 5-HT1D receptor is found predominantly in cranial blood vessels, and mediates vasoconstriction. In animals, sumatriptan selectively constricts the carotid arterial circulation but does not alter cerebral blood flow. The carotid arterial circulation supplies blood to the extracranial and intracranial tissues, such as the meninges and dilation and/or oedema formation in these vessels is thought to be the underlying mechanism of migraine in man.
In addition, evidence from animal studies suggests that sumatriptan inhibits trigeminal nerve activity. Both these actions (cranial vasoconstriction and inhibition of trigeminal nerve activity) may contribute to the anti-migraine action of sumatriptan in humans.
Clinical efficacy and safety
Clinical response begins 30 minutes following a 100 mg oral dose.
Although the recommended dose of oral sumatriptan is 50 mg, migraine attacks vary in severity both within and between patients. Doses of 25 - 100 mg have shown greater efficacy than placebo in clinical trials, but 25 mg is statistically significantly less effective than 50 and 100 mg.
Sumatriptan remains effective in treating menstrual migraine i.e. migraine without aura that occurs between 3 days prior and up to 5 days post onset of menstruation. Sumatriptan should be taken as soon as possible in an attack.
Paediatric population
A number of placebo-controlled clinical studies assessed the safety and efficacy of oral sumatriptan in approximately 800 children and adolescent migraineurs aged 1017 years. These studies failed to demonstrate relevant differences in headache relief at 2 hours between placebo and any sumatriptan dose. The undesirable effects profile of oral sumatriptan in adolescents aged 10-17 years was similar to that reported from studies in the adult population.
5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties
Absorption
Following oral administration, sumatriptan is rapidly absorbed, 70% of maximum concentration occurring at 45 minutes. After 100 mg dose the maximum plasma concentration is 54 ng/ml. Mean absolute oral bioavailability is 14% partly due to presystemic metabolism and partly due to incomplete absorption.
Distribution
Plasma protein binding is low (14-21%), mean volume of distribution is 170 litres. Biotransformation and elimination
The elimination phase half-life is approximately 2 hours, although there is an indication of a longer terminal phase. Mean total plasma clearance is approximately 1160 ml/min and the mean renal plasma clearance is approximately 260 ml/min. Non-renal clearance accounts for about 80% of the total clearance. Sumatriptan is eliminated primarily by oxidative metabolism mediated by monoamine oxidase A. The major metabolite, the indole acetic acid analogue of sumatriptan is mainly excreted in the urine, where it is present as a free acid and the glucuronide conjugate. It has no known 5HTj or 5HT2 activity. Minor metabolites have not been identified.
Pharmacokinetics in migraineurs
The pharmacokinetics of oral sumatriptan do not appear to be significantly affected by migraine attacks.
Older people
In a pilot study no significant differences were found in the pharmacokinetic parameters between the elderly and young healthy volunteers.
5.3 Preclinical safety data
Sumatriptan was devoid of genotoxic and carcinogenic activity in in-vitro systems and animal studies.
In a rat fertility study oral doses of sumatriptan resulting in plasma levels approximately 200 times those seen in man after 100 mg oral dose were associated with a reduction in the success of insemination.
This effect did not occur during a subcutaneous study where maximum plasma levels achieved are approximately 150 times those in man by the oral route.
In rabbits embryolethality, without marked teratogenic defects, was seen. The relevance for humans of these findings is unknown.
6 PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS
6.1 List of excipients
Tablet core Lactose monohydrate Cellulose, microcyrstalline Croscarmellose sodium Magnesium stearate
Film coating Titanium dioxide E171 Polydextrose E1200 Hypromellose E464 Triacetin E1518 Macrogol 8000 Iron oxide red E172 Iron oxide yellow E172
6.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable
6.3 Shelf life
36 months
6.4 Special precautions for storage
This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.
6.5 Nature and contents of container
Polyamide-aluminium-PVC/ aluminium foil blister packs in a cardboard carton, containing either 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 18, 20 and 24* tablets. Or in blister unit dose in pack size 4 x 1 tablets.
*Not all pack sizes may be marketed.
6.6
Special precautions for disposal
No special requirements.
7 MARKETING AUTHORISATION HOLDER
Generics [UK] Limited,
Station Close,
Potters Bar,
Hertfordshire,
EN6 1TL
8 MARKETING AUTHORISATION NUMBER(S)
PL 04569/1199
9 DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION
15/05/2006
10 DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT
15/09/2014